| Quasioptic equipment |
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Quasioptic equipment:
A) Quasioptic solid-state oscillators (QSO)
The mm-wave QSO comprising a spheroechelette open oscillatory system are the sources of high-stability electromagnetic oscillations and can be used both for research-oriented objectives, specifically, in spectroscopy and in microwave technology and serve as low-noise heterodynes and parametric amplifier-pumping oscillators. The QSO are designed to operate at fixed frequencies with a possibility for mechanically tuned frequency up to 0.5 GHz. The above oscillator does not need to be provided with forced cooling. The major performance characteristics of the developed QSO are listed in Table.
Instability of the oscillator frequency within 1 s does not exceed 10-8 at a power supply instability of 10-4. The long-term frequency stability is increased through the use of special-purpose materials to be utilized for oscillator fabrication as well as by applying thermostabilizing vacuum-sealed inert gas-filled chambers.
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| Type of device |
Type of diode |
F, GHz |
P, mW |
| OQG-8 |
Gunn diode (GaAs) |
30-40 |
110 |
| OQG-3 |
Gunn diode (InP) |
80-86 |
10 |
| OQI-8 |
IMPATT diode |
33-42 |
180 |
| OQI-5 |
IMPATT diode |
53-62 |
60 |
| OQG-8Ò |
Gunn diode (GaAs) |
37.5 |
110 |
| OQI-3 |
IMPATT diode |
93-96 |
15 |
| OQI-3À |
IMPATT diode |
115 |
15 |
| QONB |
Gunn diode (ONB-12) |
67 |
5 |
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B) MM-wave dielectrometer of high-loss liquids
It is intended to examine the dielectric properties of a broad range of liquids with high losses of energy at K-band. Several modifications of 8- and 6-mm wavelength dielectrometers have been developed around the high-Q dielectric whispering gallery-mode resonators.
Since the dielectrometer is operated in an autodyne mode in the mm-wave range and is unique in design and noted for small dimensions, it does not need to be coupled to an external source of a mm-wave signal.
The dielectric resonator of this particular construction can be used both as an oscillatory system of a mm-wave self-excited oscillator
(frequency instability is no more than 10-4) and as a base cell for measuring the liquids properties. A required volume of the liquid
under study does not exceed 0.02 ml.
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| The dielectrometer is used to control the quality of oil and food products, examine bioobjects for medical purposes, supervise the water pollution level and to help tackle other environmental issues. |
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C) Dielectrometer of low-loss materials
It is intended to experimentally measures the physical (dielectric) properties of diverse materials whose microwave energy losses are low.
The dielectrometer has been developed around the principles of high-Q dielectric resonators (Q value is no less than nx105) and permits of exploring the high-resolution (no more than 100 kHz) over the frequency band of 30 to 150 GHz). Currently the dielectrometer is used to control the quality of man-made diamonds (CVD diamantes) whose major sphere of application are the windows of mm-wave gyrotrons. This device can be employed under appropriate production conditions under the control over the manufacture of integral microwave products.
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D) Device for investigating high-temperature superconductors (HTSC).
It is intended for high-precision experimental determination of surface resistance of the superconducting materials. The device is built around
high-Q dielectric resonators and can be used under high-technology conditions of manufacturing superconductors.
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E) Quasioptic research stand (SQR-0.14)
It is designed to demonstrate to students specializing in "radioelectronics" the quasioptic radio measurement techniques and radio measuring facilities built around a quasioptical transmission line. SQR-0.14 is a quasioptical unit based upon a hollow, round-shaped dielectric beam guide of circular section 20 mm in diameter.
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SQR-0.14 is capable of exhibiting the following types of quasioptiacl measurements.
Specifically it allows one to experimentally determine:
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 the module and phase of the reflection factor by the
Michelson interferometer method; |
| the wavelength by the Michelson interferometer method; |
| the polarization pattern by a rotary polarization analyzer technique; |
the relation between the mirror reflection factor module and an angle of
wave incidence upon a specimen's flat surface. |
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SQR-0.14 offers the following characteristics:
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| - operating frequency: 0.14 THz; |
| - overall dimensions of the assembled stand (no more than): 100x40x50 cm3; |
| - mass of the stand assembled (no more than): 40 kg (net weight), 55 kg (gross weight); |
| - power supply: AC - 220 V/ 110 V ± 10 V, 50 Hz / 60 Hz;
DC - 24 V ± 3 V, 0.3 A
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F) Quasioptic waveguide microcomponent polygons
They can be used to examine the performance characteristics of scattered radar objects in the short-wave part of mm- and submm-wave ranges under laboratory conditions. The characteristics to be measured include radar scattering cross section, backward and direct scattering patterns and a polarization scattering matrix. The underlying principle of creating microcomponent polygons was laid down by the developers who have suggested a technique for mm- and submm-wave-dependent waveguide simulation.
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